TOI-4495 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-4495 c is a confirmed sub-neptune exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-4495, located approximately 431.2 light-years (132.21 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2024 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0797% across the stellar disk), this world measures 4.03 Earth radii (0.36 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 23.2 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 1.95 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 1.43 g⊕ (14.02 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 26.8 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-4495, TOI-4495 c completes one full revolution every 5.186 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.06323 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 132.7 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). With a near-circular eccentricity of e = 0.023 (ranging from 0.0618 AU at periapsis to 0.0647 AU at apoapsis), the planet experiences minimal orbital distance variation.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1365 K (+1092°C / +1998°F) and receiving 346.63 S⊕ (~471,758 W/m²), TOI-4495 c orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-4495 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 6,210 K, a radius of 1.309 R☉, a mass of 1.247 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 2.286 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 1.9 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.18 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-4495 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 9.531 (accessible to binoculars and small amateur telescopes) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The TOI-4495 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with TOI-4495 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside TOI-4495 b.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-4495 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 6,210 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.3090 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.2470 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 2.286 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.180 dex |
| Stellar Age | 1.900 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 9.531 · G: 9.386 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.063230 AU |
| Orbital Period | 5.186 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 132.7 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.02300 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 86.8000° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 1.95 g/cm³ (26.8 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 346.6260 S⊕ (~471,758 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 431.200 LY (132.214 pc) |