TOI-2134 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-2134 c is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-2134, located approximately 73.8 light-years (22.62 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2023 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.9033% across the stellar disk), this world measures 7.35 Earth radii (0.66 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 58.3 Earth masses (0.18 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 0.81 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 1.08 g⊕ (10.59 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 31.5 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-2134, TOI-2134 c completes one full revolution every 95.853 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.3715 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 42.2 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The planet follows a highly eccentric trajectory (e = 0.3125, swinging from 0.2554 AU at periapsis out to 0.4876 AU at apoapsis), pointing to past dynamical scattering or secular gravitational perturbations.
☁️ Atmospheric Regime (Volatile / Gas Envelope): With a radius of 7.350 R⊕, TOI-2134 c exceeds the empirical ~1.8–2.2 R⊕ Fulton radius valley threshold, indicating a substantial hydrogen-helium or supercritical volatile envelope without a conventional solid terrestrial surface.
The host star TOI-2134 is classified as an orange K-type star of spectral type K5 V with an effective photospheric temperature of 4,580 K, a radius of 0.709 R☉, a mass of 0.744 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.198 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 3.8 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.12 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-2134 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 8.933 (accessible to binoculars and small amateur telescopes) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The TOI-2134 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with TOI-2134 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside TOI-2134 b.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-2134 |
| Spectral Type | K5 V |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 4,580 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.7090 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.7440 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.198 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.120 dex |
| Stellar Age | 3.800 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 8.933 · G: 8.508 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.371500 AU |
| Orbital Period | 95.853 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 42.2 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.31250 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 89.6880° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 0.81 g/cm³ (31.5 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 1.4000 S⊕ (~1,905 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 73.800 LY (22.620 pc) |