TOI-2134 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-2134 b is a confirmed sub-neptune exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-2134, located approximately 73.8 light-years (22.62 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2023 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.1251% across the stellar disk), this world measures 2.735 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 9.37 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 2.53 g/cm³ (an intermediate density indicative of a deep water-ice mantle or dense volatile envelope), a surface gravity of 1.25 g⊕ (12.26 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 20.7 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-2134, TOI-2134 b completes one full revolution every 9.229 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.07803 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 92 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). Its moderate orbital eccentricity of e = 0.067 carries the world between 0.0728 AU at periapsis and 0.0833 AU at apoapsis, driving measurable seasonal insolation cycles.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 660 K (+387°C / +729°F) and receiving 32.00 S⊕ (~43,552 W/m²), TOI-2134 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-2134 is classified as an orange K-type star of spectral type K5 V with an effective photospheric temperature of 4,580 K, a radius of 0.709 R☉, a mass of 0.744 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.198 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 3.8 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.12 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-2134 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 8.933 (accessible to binoculars and small amateur telescopes) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The TOI-2134 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with TOI-2134 b sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside TOI-2134 c.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-2134 |
| Spectral Type | K5 V |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 4,580 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.7090 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.7440 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.198 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.120 dex |
| Stellar Age | 3.800 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 8.933 · G: 8.508 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.078030 AU |
| Orbital Period | 9.229 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 92 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.06700 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 89.6900° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 2.53 g/cm³ (20.7 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 32.0000 S⊕ (~43,552 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 73.800 LY (22.620 pc) |