TOI-2093 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-2093 c is a confirmed sub-neptune exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-2093, located approximately 270.1 light-years (82.8 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2025 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0837% across the stellar disk), this world measures 2.3 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 15.8 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 7.16 g/cm³ (an iron-enriched, high-compression rocky core), a surface gravity of 2.99 g⊕ (29.32 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 29.3 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-2093, TOI-2093 c completes one full revolution every 53.811 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.257 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 52 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
☁️ Atmospheric Regime (Volatile / Gas Envelope): With a radius of 2.300 R⊕, TOI-2093 c exceeds the empirical ~1.8–2.2 R⊕ Fulton radius valley threshold, indicating a substantial hydrogen-helium or supercritical volatile envelope without a conventional solid terrestrial surface.
The host star TOI-2093 is classified as an orange K-type star of spectral type K5 V with an effective photospheric temperature of 4,426 K, a radius of 0.729 R☉, a mass of 0.745 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.183 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 6.6 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.08 dex (near-solar heavy-element abundance). From Earth, TOI-2093 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 11.925 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The TOI-2093 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with TOI-2093 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside TOI-2093 b.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-2093 |
| Spectral Type | K5 V |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 4,426 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.7290 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.7450 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.183 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | -0.080 dex |
| Stellar Age | 6.600 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 11.925 · G: 11.369 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.257000 AU |
| Orbital Period | 53.811 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 52 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 89.5770° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 7.16 g/cm³ (29.3 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 3.0647 S⊕ (~4,171 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 270.100 LY (82.798 pc) |