Kepler-784 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
Kepler-784 c is a confirmed super-earth exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-784, located approximately 4252.2 light-years (1303.72 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2023 by Kepler using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0091% across the stellar disk), this world measures 1.55 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 3.02 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 4.47 g/cm³ (a terrestrial silicate-iron composition comparable to Earth (5.51 g/cm³)), a surface gravity of 1.26 g⊕ (12.36 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 15.6 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around Kepler-784, Kepler-784 c completes one full revolution every 17.157 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.1309 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 83 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 844 K (+571°C / +1060°F) and receiving 119.87 S⊕ (~163,143 W/m²), Kepler-784 c orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star Kepler-784 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,676 K, a radius of 1.487 R☉, a mass of 1.016 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 2.059 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 2.88 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.1 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, Kepler-784 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 13.392 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The Kepler-784 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with Kepler-784 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside Kepler-784 b.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Kepler · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | Kepler-784 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,676 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.4870 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.0160 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 2.059 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.100 dex |
| Stellar Age | 2.880 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 13.392 · G: 13.263 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.130900 AU |
| Orbital Period | 17.157 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 83 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 88.8100° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 4.47 g/cm³ (15.6 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 119.8700 S⊕ (~163,143 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 4252.200 LY (1303.720 pc) |