V830 Tau b

Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization

V830 Tau b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star V830 Tau, located approximately 424.4 light-years (130.11 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2016 by Multiple Observatories using the Radial Velocity detection technique (measuring periodic Doppler reflex motion in the host star's spectrum), this world measures 14 Earth radii (1.25 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 222.481 Earth masses (0.7 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 0.45 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 1.14 g⊕ (11.18 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 44.6 km/s.

In its orbital architecture around V830 Tau, V830 Tau b completes one full revolution every 4.927 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.057 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 125.9 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.

⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1214 K (+941°C / +1726°F) and receiving 370.04 S⊕ (~503,626 W/m²), V830 Tau b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.

The host star V830 Tau is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 4,250 K, a radius of 2 R☉, a mass of 1 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 1.171 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 0.002 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.08 dex (near-solar heavy-element abundance). From Earth, V830 Tau shines at apparent V-band magnitude 12.23 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.

Discovery Facility: Multiple Observatories · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).