TrES-3 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TrES-3 b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star TrES-3, located approximately 754.5 light-years (231.34 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2007 by TrES using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 2.7426% across the stellar disk), this world measures 14.975 Earth radii (1.34 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 607.03 Earth masses (1.91 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 1 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 2.71 g⊕ (26.58 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 71.2 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TrES-3, TrES-3 b completes one full revolution every 1.306 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.02282 AU (an ultra-close orbit less than one-seventh of Mercury's 0.387 AU distance from the Sun, where strong stellar tidal forces typically induce synchronous rotation). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 190.1 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1638 K (+1365°C / +2489°F) and receiving 1,025.50 S⊕ (~1,395,708 W/m²), TrES-3 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TrES-3 is classified as a solar-type yellow star of spectral type G4 V with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,650 K, a radius of 0.829 R☉, a mass of 0.928 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.628 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 0.9 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.19 dex (metal-poor relative to the Sun). From Earth, TrES-3 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 12.362 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: TrES · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TrES-3 |
| Spectral Type | G4 V |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,650 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.8290 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.9280 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.628 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | -0.190 dex |
| Stellar Age | 0.900 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 12.362 · G: 12.200 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.022820 AU |
| Orbital Period | 1.306 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 190.1 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 81.8500° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 1 g/cm³ (71.2 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 1025.5022 S⊕ (~1,395,708 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 754.500 LY (231.337 pc) |