TrES-1 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TrES-1 b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star TrES-1, located approximately 520.7 light-years (159.66 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2004 by TrES using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 1.8663% across the stellar disk), this world measures 12.666 Earth radii (1.13 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 266.977 Earth masses (0.84 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 0.72 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 1.66 g⊕ (16.28 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 51.4 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TrES-1, TrES-1 b completes one full revolution every 3.03 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.03925 AU (an ultra-close orbit less than one-seventh of Mercury's 0.387 AU distance from the Sun, where strong stellar tidal forces typically induce synchronous rotation). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 140.9 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1140 K (+867°C / +1593°F) and receiving 318.46 S⊕ (~433,422 W/m²), TrES-1 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TrES-1 is classified as an orange K-type star of spectral type K0 V with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,230 K, a radius of 0.85 R☉, a mass of 1.04 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.485 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 3.7 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.02 dex (near-solar heavy-element abundance). From Earth, TrES-1 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 11.424 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: TrES · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TrES-1 |
| Spectral Type | K0 V |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,230 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.8500 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.0400 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.485 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.020 dex |
| Stellar Age | 3.700 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 11.424 · G: 11.557 |
| System Architecture | 2 Stars, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.039250 AU |
| Orbital Period | 3.03 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 140.9 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 90.0000° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 0.72 g/cm³ (51.4 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 318.4582 S⊕ (~433,422 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 520.700 LY (159.658 pc) |