TOI-6016 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-6016 b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-6016, located approximately 1189.5 light-years (364.72 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2024 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.6894% across the stellar disk), this world measures 13.675 Earth radii (1.22 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 371.859 Earth masses (1.17 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 0.8 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 1.99 g⊕ (19.52 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 58.3 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-6016, TOI-6016 b completes one full revolution every 4.024 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.055 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 148.7 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1890 K (+1617°C / +2943°F) and receiving 940.00 S⊕ (~1,279,340 W/m²), TOI-6016 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-6016 is classified as a warm F-type star of spectral type F with an effective photospheric temperature of 6,110 K, a radius of 1.51 R☉, a mass of 1.31 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 2.851 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 0.3 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.28 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-6016 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 11.886 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-6016 |
| Spectral Type | F |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 6,110 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.5100 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.3100 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 2.851 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.280 dex |
| Stellar Age | 0.300 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 11.886 · G: 11.918 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.055000 AU |
| Orbital Period | 4.024 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 148.7 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | — |
| Mean Bulk Density | 0.8 g/cm³ (58.3 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 940.0000 S⊕ (~1,279,340 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 1189.500 LY (364.715 pc) |