TOI-530 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-530 b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-530, located approximately 485.2 light-years (148.76 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2021 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 2.4946% across the stellar disk), this world measures 9.303 Earth radii (0.83 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 127.131 Earth masses (0.4 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 0.87 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 1.47 g⊕ (14.42 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 41.4 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-530, TOI-530 b completes one full revolution every 6.388 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.052 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 88.6 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 565 K (+292°C / +558°F) and receiving 14.26 S⊕ (~19,406 W/m²), TOI-530 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-530 is classified as a low-mass red dwarf of spectral type M0.5 V with an effective photospheric temperature of 3,659 K, a radius of 0.54 R☉, a mass of 0.53 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.047 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.376 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-530 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 15.403 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-530 |
| Spectral Type | M0.5 V |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 3,659 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.5400 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.5300 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.047 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.376 dex |
| Stellar Age | — |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 15.403 · G: 14.644 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.052000 AU |
| Orbital Period | 6.388 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 88.6 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 89.1000° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 0.87 g/cm³ (41.4 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 14.2590 S⊕ (~19,406 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 485.200 LY (148.762 pc) |