TOI-3919 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-3919 b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-3919, located approximately 1971.9 light-years (604.59 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2024 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.7332% across the stellar disk), this world measures 12.319 Earth radii (1.1 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 1233.174 Earth masses (3.88 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 3.64 g/cm³ (an intermediate density indicative of a deep water-ice mantle or dense volatile envelope), a surface gravity of 8.13 g⊕ (79.73 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 111.9 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-3919, TOI-3919 b completes one full revolution every 7.433 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.0795 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 116.4 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The planet follows a highly eccentric trajectory (e = 0.259, swinging from 0.0589 AU at periapsis out to 0.1001 AU at apoapsis), pointing to past dynamical scattering or secular gravitational perturbations.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1198 K (+925°C / +1697°F) and receiving 184.32 S⊕ (~250,862 W/m²), TOI-3919 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-3919 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 6,100 K, a radius of 1.319 R☉, a mass of 1.208 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 2.161 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 3.1 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.175 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-3919 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 12.858 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-3919 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 6,100 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.3190 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.2080 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 2.161 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.175 dex |
| Stellar Age | 3.100 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 12.858 · G: 12.713 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.079500 AU |
| Orbital Period | 7.433 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 116.4 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.25900 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 86.9800° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 3.64 g/cm³ (111.9 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 184.3220 S⊕ (~250,862 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 1971.900 LY (604.591 pc) |