TOI-2714 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-2714 b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-2714, located approximately 1950 light-years (597.87 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2024 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 1.0126% across the stellar disk), this world measures 13.72 Earth radii (1.22 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 228 Earth masses (0.72 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 0.49 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 1.21 g⊕ (11.87 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 45.6 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-2714, TOI-2714 b completes one full revolution every 2.499 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.036 AU (an ultra-close orbit less than one-seventh of Mercury's 0.387 AU distance from the Sun, where strong stellar tidal forces typically induce synchronous rotation). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 156.7 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). Its moderate orbital eccentricity of e = 0.164 carries the world between 0.0301 AU at periapsis and 0.0419 AU at apoapsis, driving measurable seasonal insolation cycles.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1603 K (+1330°C / +2426°F) and receiving 945.55 S⊕ (~1,286,894 W/m²), TOI-2714 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-2714 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,665 K, a radius of 1.25 R☉, a mass of 1.07 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 1.444 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 5.5 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.3 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-2714 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 13.468 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Southern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-2714 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,665 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.2500 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.0700 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 1.444 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.300 dex |
| Stellar Age | 5.500 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 13.468 · G: 13.254 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.036000 AU |
| Orbital Period | 2.499 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 156.7 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.16400 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 86.3000° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 0.49 g/cm³ (45.6 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 945.5500 S⊕ (~1,286,894 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 1950.000 LY (597.873 pc) |