TOI-2524 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-2524 b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-2524, located approximately 1431.3 light-years (438.84 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2023 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.8434% across the stellar disk), this world measures 11.209 Earth radii (1 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 203.41 Earth masses (0.64 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 0.8 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 1.62 g⊕ (15.89 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 47.7 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-2524, TOI-2524 b completes one full revolution every 7.186 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.073 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 110.5 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1100 K (+827°C / +1521°F) and receiving 210.61 S⊕ (~286,639 W/m²), TOI-2524 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-2524 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,831 K, a radius of 1.119 R☉, a mass of 1.007 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 1.299 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 6.7 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.06 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-2524 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 12.8 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Southern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-2524 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,831 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.1190 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.0070 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 1.299 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.060 dex |
| Stellar Age | 6.700 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 12.800 · G: 12.623 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.073000 AU |
| Orbital Period | 7.186 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 110.5 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 89.4000° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 0.8 g/cm³ (47.7 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 210.6090 S⊕ (~286,639 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 1431.300 LY (438.842 pc) |