TOI-2445 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-2445 b is a confirmed terrestrial exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-2445, located approximately 158.5 light-years (48.58 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2022 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.1801% across the stellar disk), this world measures 1.25 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 2.1 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 5.93 g/cm³ (a terrestrial silicate-iron composition comparable to Earth (5.51 g/cm³)), a surface gravity of 1.34 g⊕ (13.14 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 14.5 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-2445, TOI-2445 b completes one full revolution every 0.371 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.0064 AU (an ultra-close orbit less than one-seventh of Mercury's 0.387 AU distance from the Sun, where strong stellar tidal forces typically induce synchronous rotation). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 187.6 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s).
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1060 K (+787°C / +1449°F) and receiving 204.49 S⊕ (~278,307 W/m²), TOI-2445 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-2445 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 3,333 K, a radius of 0.27 R☉, a mass of 0.25 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.00807 L☉. From Earth, TOI-2445 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 15.692 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-2445 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 3,333 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.2700 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.2500 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.00807 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | — |
| Stellar Age | — |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 15.692 · G: 14.398 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.006400 AU |
| Orbital Period | 0.371 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 187.6 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | Circular (0.00) |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | — |
| Mean Bulk Density | 5.93 g/cm³ (14.5 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 204.4874 S⊕ (~278,307 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 158.500 LY (48.582 pc) |