TOI-2374 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-2374 b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-2374, located approximately 439.2 light-years (134.66 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2024 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.9323% across the stellar disk), this world measures 7.488 Earth radii (0.67 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 61.659 Earth masses (0.19 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 0.81 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 1.1 g⊕ (10.79 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 32.1 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-2374, TOI-2374 b completes one full revolution every 4.314 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.04818 AU (an ultra-close orbit less than one-seventh of Mercury's 0.387 AU distance from the Sun, where strong stellar tidal forces typically induce synchronous rotation). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 121.5 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). Its moderate orbital eccentricity of e = 0.13 carries the world between 0.0419 AU at periapsis and 0.0544 AU at apoapsis, driving measurable seasonal insolation cycles.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 926 K (+653°C / +1207°F) and receiving 122.90 S⊕ (~167,267 W/m²), TOI-2374 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-2374 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,002 K, a radius of 0.711 R☉, a mass of 0.802 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.284 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 4.5 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.128 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-2374 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 12.095 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Southern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-2374 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,002 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.7110 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.8020 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.284 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.128 dex |
| Stellar Age | 4.500 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 12.095 · G: 11.827 |
| System Architecture | 2 Stars, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.048180 AU |
| Orbital Period | 4.314 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 121.5 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.13000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 87.2000° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 0.81 g/cm³ (32.1 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 122.9000 S⊕ (~167,267 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 439.200 LY (134.655 pc) |