TOI-2322 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-2322 c is a confirmed super-earth exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-2322, located approximately 195.2 light-years (59.86 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2025 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0674% across the stellar disk), this world measures 1.874 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 18.1 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 15.16 g/cm³ (an iron-enriched, high-compression rocky core), a surface gravity of 5.15 g⊕ (50.5 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 34.8 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-2322, TOI-2322 c completes one full revolution every 20.226 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.1362 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 73.3 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 497 K (+224°C / +435°F) and receiving 10.15 S⊕ (~13,814 W/m²), TOI-2322 c orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-2322 is classified as an orange K-type star of spectral type K4 with an effective photospheric temperature of 4,664 K, a radius of 0.662 R☉, a mass of 0.703 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.186 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 3.9 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.12 dex (metal-poor relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-2322 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 10.912 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Southern celestial hemisphere. The TOI-2322 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with TOI-2322 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside TOI-2322 b.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-2322 |
| Spectral Type | K4 |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 4,664 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.6620 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.7030 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.186 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | -0.120 dex |
| Stellar Age | 3.900 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 10.912 · G: 10.749 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.136200 AU |
| Orbital Period | 20.226 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 73.3 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 88.9800° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 15.16 g/cm³ (34.8 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 10.1500 S⊕ (~13,814 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 195.200 LY (59.861 pc) |