TOI-2202 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-2202 b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-2202, located approximately 769.5 light-years (235.93 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2021 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 1.5439% across the stellar disk), this world measures 10.951 Earth radii (0.98 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 287.317 Earth masses (0.9 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 1.21 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 2.4 g⊕ (23.54 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 57.3 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-2202, TOI-2202 b completes one full revolution every 11.913 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.09564 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 87.3 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). With a near-circular eccentricity of e = 0.022 (ranging from 0.0935 AU at periapsis to 0.0977 AU at apoapsis), the planet experiences minimal orbital distance variation.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 652 K (+379°C / +714°F) and receiving 42.73 S⊕ (~58,149 W/m²), TOI-2202 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-2202 is classified as an orange K-type star of spectral type K8 V with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,169 K, a radius of 0.808 R☉, a mass of 0.841 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.418 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 6.4 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.059 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-2202 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 13.004 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Southern celestial hemisphere. The TOI-2202 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with TOI-2202 b sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside TOI-2202 c.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-2202 |
| Spectral Type | K8 V |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,169 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.8080 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.8410 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.418 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.059 dex |
| Stellar Age | 6.400 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 13.004 · G: 12.761 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.095640 AU |
| Orbital Period | 11.913 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 87.3 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.02200 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 89.2900° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 1.21 g/cm³ (57.3 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 42.7254 S⊕ (~58,149 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 769.500 LY (235.933 pc) |