TOI-2141 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-2141 b is a confirmed sub-neptune exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-2141, located approximately 253.4 light-years (77.68 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2023 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0922% across the stellar disk), this world measures 3.147 Earth radii (0.28 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 20.1 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 3.56 g/cm³ (an intermediate density indicative of a deep water-ice mantle or dense volatile envelope), a surface gravity of 2.03 g⊕ (19.91 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 28.3 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-2141, TOI-2141 b completes one full revolution every 18.262 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.1322 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 78.8 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). Its moderate orbital eccentricity of e = 0.21 carries the world between 0.1044 AU at periapsis and 0.16 AU at apoapsis, driving measurable seasonal insolation cycles.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 728 K (+455°C / +851°F) and receiving 47.30 S⊕ (~64,375 W/m²), TOI-2141 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-2141 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,635 K, a radius of 0.95 R☉, a mass of 0.896 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.816 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 9 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.14 dex (metal-poor relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-2141 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 9.46 (accessible to binoculars and small amateur telescopes) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The TOI-2141 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 3 confirmed worlds, with TOI-2141 b sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside TOI-2141 c, TOI-2141 d.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-2141 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,635 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.9500 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.8960 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.816 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | -0.140 dex |
| Stellar Age | 9.000 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 9.460 · G: 9.344 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 3 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.132200 AU |
| Orbital Period | 18.262 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 78.8 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.21000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 88.7550° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 3.56 g/cm³ (28.3 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 47.3000 S⊕ (~64,375 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 253.400 LY (77.682 pc) |