TOI-2049 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-2049 b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-2049, located approximately 1863.9 light-years (571.49 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2026 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.2274% across the stellar disk), this world measures 16.645 Earth radii (1.48 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 486.277 Earth masses (1.53 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 0.58 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 1.76 g⊕ (17.26 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 60.5 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-2049, TOI-2049 b completes one full revolution every 5.303 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.06919 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 141.9 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). Its moderate orbital eccentricity of e = 0.054 carries the world between 0.0655 AU at periapsis and 0.0729 AU at apoapsis, driving measurable seasonal insolation cycles.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1869 K (+1596°C / +2905°F) and receiving 2,032.00 S⊕ (~2,765,552 W/m²), TOI-2049 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-2049 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 6,164 K, a radius of 3.2 R☉, a mass of 1.57 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 13.263 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 2.2 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.311 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-2049 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 11.413 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-2049 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 6,164 K |
| Stellar Radius | 3.2000 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.5700 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 13.263 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.311 dex |
| Stellar Age | 2.200 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 11.413 · G: 11.209 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.069190 AU |
| Orbital Period | 5.303 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 141.9 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.05400 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 78.8500° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 0.58 g/cm³ (60.5 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 2032.0000 S⊕ (~2,765,552 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 1863.900 LY (571.487 pc) |