TOI-1860 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-1860 b is a confirmed super-earth exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-1860, located approximately 149.6 light-years (45.86 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2022 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0163% across the stellar disk), this world measures 1.31 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 2.27 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 5.57 g/cm³ (a terrestrial silicate-iron composition comparable to Earth (5.51 g/cm³)), a surface gravity of 1.32 g⊕ (12.94 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 14.7 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-1860, TOI-1860 b completes one full revolution every 1.066 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.0204 AU (an ultra-close orbit less than one-seventh of Mercury's 0.387 AU distance from the Sun, where strong stellar tidal forces typically induce synchronous rotation). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 208.2 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s).
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1885 K (+1612°C / +2934°F) and receiving 876.70 S⊕ (~1,193,193 W/m²), TOI-1860 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-1860 is classified as a solar-type yellow star of spectral type G V with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,752 K, a radius of 0.94 R☉, a mass of 0.99 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.868 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 0.133 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.04 dex (near-solar heavy-element abundance). From Earth, TOI-1860 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 8.4 (accessible to binoculars and small amateur telescopes) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-1860 |
| Spectral Type | G V |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,752 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.9400 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.9900 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.868 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.040 dex |
| Stellar Age | 0.133 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 8.400 · G: 8.232 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.020400 AU |
| Orbital Period | 1.066 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 208.2 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | Circular (0.00) |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | — |
| Mean Bulk Density | 5.57 g/cm³ (14.7 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 876.7030 S⊕ (~1,193,193 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 149.600 LY (45.864 pc) |