TOI-1174 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-1174 b is a confirmed sub-neptune exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-1174, located approximately 308.7 light-years (94.64 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2024 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0955% across the stellar disk), this world measures 2.562 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 32 Earth masses (0.1 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 10.49 g/cm³ (an iron-enriched, high-compression rocky core), a surface gravity of 4.88 g⊕ (47.86 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 39.5 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-1174, TOI-1174 b completes one full revolution every 8.953 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.07994 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 97.1 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 714 K (+441°C / +826°F) and receiving 52.02 S⊕ (~70,799 W/m²), TOI-1174 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-1174 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,030 K, a radius of 0.76 R☉, a mass of 0.85 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.332 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 2.7 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.002 dex (near-solar heavy-element abundance). From Earth, TOI-1174 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 10.964 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-1174 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,030 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.7600 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.8500 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.332 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | -0.002 dex |
| Stellar Age | 2.700 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 10.964 · G: 10.807 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.079940 AU |
| Orbital Period | 8.953 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 97.1 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | — |
| Mean Bulk Density | 10.49 g/cm³ (39.5 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 52.0200 S⊕ (~70,799 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 308.700 LY (94.638 pc) |