TOI-1130 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-1130 c is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-1130, located approximately 190 light-years (58.26 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2020 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 2.9239% across the stellar disk), this world measures 13 Earth radii (1.16 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 336 Earth masses (1.06 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 0.84 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 1.99 g⊕ (19.52 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 56.9 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-1130, TOI-1130 c completes one full revolution every 8.35 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.0731 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 95.2 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). With a near-circular eccentricity of e = 0.0398 (ranging from 0.0702 AU at periapsis to 0.076 AU at apoapsis), the planet experiences minimal orbital distance variation.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 650 K (+377°C / +711°F) and receiving 30.00 S⊕ (~40,830 W/m²), TOI-1130 c orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-1130 is classified as an orange K-type star of spectral type K6-K7 with an effective photospheric temperature of 4,360 K, a radius of 0.697 R☉, a mass of 0.745 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.158 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 5.4 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.11 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, TOI-1130 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 11.595 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Southern celestial hemisphere. The TOI-1130 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with TOI-1130 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside TOI-1130 b.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-1130 |
| Spectral Type | K6-K7 |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 4,360 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.6970 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.7450 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.158 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.110 dex |
| Stellar Age | 5.400 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 11.595 · G: 10.903 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.073100 AU |
| Orbital Period | 8.35 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 95.2 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.03980 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 87.6100° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 0.84 g/cm³ (56.9 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 30.0000 S⊕ (~40,830 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 190.000 LY (58.261 pc) |