TOI-1080 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
TOI-1080 b is a confirmed terrestrial exoplanet orbiting the star TOI-1080, located approximately 83.4 light-years (25.56 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2026 by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.2969% across the stellar disk), this world measures 1.2 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 10.7 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 34.14 g/cm³ (an iron-enriched, high-compression rocky core), a surface gravity of 7.43 g⊕ (72.86 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 33.4 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around TOI-1080, TOI-1080 b completes one full revolution every 3.965 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.0272 AU (an ultra-close orbit less than one-seventh of Mercury's 0.387 AU distance from the Sun, where strong stellar tidal forces typically induce synchronous rotation). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 74.6 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s).
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 368 K (+95°C / +203°F) and receiving 4.35 S⊕ (~5,920 W/m²), TOI-1080 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star TOI-1080 is classified as a low-mass red dwarf of spectral type M4.0±1.0 V with an effective photospheric temperature of 3,065 K, a radius of 0.2019 R☉, a mass of 0.1667 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.00323 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 6 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.09 dex (near-solar heavy-element abundance). From Earth, TOI-1080 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 15.349 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Southern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | TOI-1080 |
| Spectral Type | M4.0±1.0 V |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 3,065 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.2019 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.1667 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.00323 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | -0.090 dex |
| Stellar Age | 6.000 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 15.349 · G: 14.034 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.027200 AU |
| Orbital Period | 3.965 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 74.6 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | Circular (0.00) |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 89.2600° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 34.14 g/cm³ (33.4 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 4.3500 S⊕ (~5,920 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 83.400 LY (25.559 pc) |