Qatar-10 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
Qatar-10 b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star Qatar-10, located approximately 1823.4 light-years (559.07 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2019 by Qatar using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 1.5988% across the stellar disk), this world measures 17.295 Earth radii (1.54 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 233.923 Earth masses (0.74 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 0.25 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 0.78 g⊕ (7.65 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 41.1 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around Qatar-10, Qatar-10 b completes one full revolution every 1.645 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.0286 AU (an ultra-close orbit less than one-seventh of Mercury's 0.387 AU distance from the Sun, where strong stellar tidal forces typically induce synchronous rotation). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 189.1 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1955 K (+1682°C / +3060°F) and receiving 1,816.48 S⊕ (~2,472,229 W/m²), Qatar-10 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star Qatar-10 is classified as a warm F-type star of spectral type F7 V with an effective photospheric temperature of 6,124 K, a radius of 1.254 R☉, a mass of 1.156 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 1.984 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 3.2 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.016 dex (near-solar heavy-element abundance). From Earth, Qatar-10 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 12.868 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Qatar · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | Qatar-10 |
| Spectral Type | F7 V |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 6,124 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.2540 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.1560 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 1.984 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.016 dex |
| Stellar Age | 3.200 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 12.868 · G: 12.698 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.028600 AU |
| Orbital Period | 1.645 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 189.1 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 85.8700° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 0.25 g/cm³ (41.1 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 1816.4800 S⊕ (~2,472,229 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 1823.400 LY (559.068 pc) |