Kepler-937 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
Kepler-937 c is a confirmed sub-neptune exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-937, located approximately 5125.4 light-years (1571.46 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2016 by Kepler using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0403% across the stellar disk), this world measures 2.67 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 7.61 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 2.2 g/cm³ (an intermediate density indicative of a deep water-ice mantle or dense volatile envelope), a surface gravity of 1.07 g⊕ (10.49 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 18.9 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around Kepler-937, Kepler-937 c completes one full revolution every 153.343 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.5545 AU (situated at an orbital separation between Mercury's 0.39 AU and Venus's 0.72 AU). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 39.3 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 377 K (+104°C / +219°F) and receiving 6.93 S⊕ (~9,432 W/m²), Kepler-937 c orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star Kepler-937 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 6,095 K, a radius of 1.22 R☉, a mass of 1.15 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 1.843 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 3.24 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.08 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, Kepler-937 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 15.405 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The Kepler-937 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with Kepler-937 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside Kepler-937 b.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Kepler · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | Kepler-937 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 6,095 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.2200 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.1500 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 1.843 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.080 dex |
| Stellar Age | 3.240 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 15.405 · G: 15.194 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.554500 AU |
| Orbital Period | 153.343 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 39.3 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 89.8400° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 2.2 g/cm³ (18.9 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 6.9300 S⊕ (~9,432 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 5125.400 LY (1571.460 pc) |