Kepler-495 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
Kepler-495 c is a confirmed terrestrial exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-495, located approximately 2149.1 light-years (658.92 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2021 by Kepler using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0106% across the stellar disk), this world measures 1.219 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 1.98 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 6.03 g/cm³ (a terrestrial silicate-iron composition comparable to Earth (5.51 g/cm³)), a surface gravity of 1.33 g⊕ (13.04 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 14.3 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around Kepler-495, Kepler-495 c completes one full revolution every 5.897 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.0614 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 113.3 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1000 K (+727°C / +1341°F) and receiving 108.13 S⊕ (~147,165 W/m²), Kepler-495 c orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star Kepler-495 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,392 K, a radius of 1.087 R☉, a mass of 0.888 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.896 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 0.6 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.18 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, Kepler-495 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 14.942 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The Kepler-495 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with Kepler-495 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside Kepler-495 b.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Kepler · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | Kepler-495 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,392 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.0870 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.8880 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.896 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.180 dex |
| Stellar Age | 0.600 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 14.942 · G: 14.607 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.061400 AU |
| Orbital Period | 5.897 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 113.3 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 89.8400° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 6.03 g/cm³ (14.3 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 108.1300 S⊕ (~147,165 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 2149.100 LY (658.924 pc) |