Kepler-454 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
Kepler-454 c is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-454, located approximately 753 light-years (230.87 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2015 by Multiple Facilities using the Radial Velocity detection technique (measuring periodic Doppler reflex motion in the host star's spectrum), this world measures 12.9 Earth radii (1.15 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 1433.406 Earth masses (4.51 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 3.68 g/cm³ (an intermediate density indicative of a deep water-ice mantle or dense volatile envelope), a surface gravity of 8.61 g⊕ (84.44 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 117.9 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around Kepler-454, Kepler-454 c completes one full revolution every 524.19 Earth days (1.44Julian years) at a semi-major axis of 1.287 AU (comparable to the inner terrestrial zone between Venus, Earth at 1.00 AU, and Mars at 1.52 AU). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 26.7 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). With a near-circular eccentricity of e = 0.0053 (ranging from 1.2802 AU at periapsis to 1.2938 AU at apoapsis), the planet experiences minimal orbital distance variation.
☁️ Atmospheric Regime (Volatile / Gas Envelope): With a radius of 12.900 R⊕, Kepler-454 c exceeds the empirical ~1.8–2.2 R⊕ Fulton radius valley threshold, indicating a substantial hydrogen-helium or supercritical volatile envelope without a conventional solid terrestrial surface.
The host star Kepler-454 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,687 K, a radius of 1.066 R☉, a mass of 1.03 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 1.066 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 5.25 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.32 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, Kepler-454 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 11.567 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The Kepler-454 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 3 confirmed worlds, with Kepler-454 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside Kepler-454 b, Kepler-454 d.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Multiple Facilities · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | Kepler-454 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,687 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.0660 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.0300 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 1.066 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.320 dex |
| Stellar Age | 5.250 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 11.567 · G: 11.440 |
| System Architecture | 2 Stars, 3 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 1.287000 AU |
| Orbital Period | 524.19 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 26.7 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00530 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | — |
| Mean Bulk Density | 3.68 g/cm³ (117.9 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 0.6814 S⊕ (~927 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 753.000 LY (230.869 pc) |