Kepler-419 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
Kepler-419 c is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-419, located approximately 3298.6 light-years (1011.36 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2014 by Kepler using the Transit Timing Variations detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.4407% across the stellar disk), this world measures 12.6 Earth radii (1.12 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 2320.1 Earth masses (7.3 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 6.4 g/cm³ (a terrestrial silicate-iron composition comparable to Earth (5.51 g/cm³)), a surface gravity of 14.61 g⊕ (143.28 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 151.8 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around Kepler-419, Kepler-419 c completes one full revolution every 675.47 Earth days (1.85Julian years) at a semi-major axis of 1.68 AU (corresponding to the middle-system regime between Mars at 1.52 AU and Jupiter at 5.20 AU). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 27.1 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). Its moderate orbital eccentricity of e = 0.184 carries the world between 1.3709 AU at periapsis and 1.9891 AU at apoapsis, driving measurable seasonal insolation cycles.
☁️ Atmospheric Regime (Volatile / Gas Envelope): With a radius of 12.600 R⊕, Kepler-419 c exceeds the empirical ~1.8–2.2 R⊕ Fulton radius valley threshold, indicating a substantial hydrogen-helium or supercritical volatile envelope without a conventional solid terrestrial surface.
The host star Kepler-419 is classified as a warm F-type star of spectral type F with an effective photospheric temperature of 6,430 K, a radius of 1.74 R☉, a mass of 1.39 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 4.643 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 2.14 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.176 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, Kepler-419 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 13.089 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The Kepler-419 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with Kepler-419 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside Kepler-419 b.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Kepler · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | Kepler-419 |
| Spectral Type | F |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 6,430 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.7400 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.3900 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 4.643 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.176 dex |
| Stellar Age | 2.140 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 13.089 · G: 12.964 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 1.680000 AU |
| Orbital Period | 675.47 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 27.1 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.18400 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 88.0000° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 6.4 g/cm³ (151.8 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 1.8888 S⊕ (~2,571 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 3298.600 LY (1011.360 pc) |