Kepler-345 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
Kepler-345 c is a confirmed terrestrial exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-345, located approximately 848 light-years (260 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2014 by Kepler using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0312% across the stellar disk), this world measures 1.2 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 2.2 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 7.02 g/cm³ (an iron-enriched, high-compression rocky core), a surface gravity of 1.53 g⊕ (15 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 15.1 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around Kepler-345, Kepler-345 c completes one full revolution every 9.387 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.077 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 89.2 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 575 K (+302°C / +576°F) and receiving 25.83 S⊕ (~35,155 W/m²), Kepler-345 c orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star Kepler-345 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 4,504 K, a radius of 0.623 R☉, a mass of 0.61 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.143 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 2.75 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.191 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, Kepler-345 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 14.344 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The Kepler-345 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with Kepler-345 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside Kepler-345 b.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Kepler · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | Kepler-345 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 4,504 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.6230 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.6100 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.143 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.191 dex |
| Stellar Age | 2.750 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 14.344 · G: 14.034 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.077000 AU |
| Orbital Period | 9.387 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 89.2 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 86.8900° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 7.02 g/cm³ (15.1 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 25.8300 S⊕ (~35,155 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 848.000 LY (260.000 pc) |