Kepler-335 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
Kepler-335 c is a confirmed sub-neptune exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-335, located approximately 4171.4 light-years (1278.97 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2014 by Kepler using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.023% across the stellar disk), this world measures 3.07 Earth radii (0.27 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 9.64 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 1.84 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 1.02 g⊕ (10 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 19.8 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around Kepler-335, Kepler-335 c completes one full revolution every 67.844 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.356 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 57.1 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 592 K (+319°C / +606°F) and receiving 32.04 S⊕ (~43,600 W/m²), Kepler-335 c orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star Kepler-335 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,877 K, a radius of 1.854 R☉, a mass of 1.367 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 3.679 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 3.09 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.278 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, Kepler-335 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 14.111 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The Kepler-335 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with Kepler-335 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside Kepler-335 b.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Kepler · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | Kepler-335 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,877 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.8540 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.3670 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 3.679 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.278 dex |
| Stellar Age | 3.090 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 14.111 · G: 13.960 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.356000 AU |
| Orbital Period | 67.844 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 57.1 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 89.4900° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 1.84 g/cm³ (19.8 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 32.0350 S⊕ (~43,600 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 4171.400 LY (1278.970 pc) |