Kepler-330 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
Kepler-330 c is a confirmed super-earth exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-330, located approximately 2340.3 light-years (717.53 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2014 by Kepler using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0613% across the stellar disk), this world measures 1.95 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 4.46 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 3.32 g/cm³ (an intermediate density indicative of a deep water-ice mantle or dense volatile envelope), a surface gravity of 1.17 g⊕ (11.47 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 16.9 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around Kepler-330, Kepler-330 c completes one full revolution every 15.955 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.116 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 79.1 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 573 K (+300°C / +572°F) and receiving 27.68 S⊕ (~37,667 W/m²), Kepler-330 c orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star Kepler-330 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,117 K, a radius of 0.722 R☉, a mass of 0.848 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.321 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 3.47 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.16 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, Kepler-330 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 15.569 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The Kepler-330 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with Kepler-330 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside Kepler-330 b.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Kepler · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | Kepler-330 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,117 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.7220 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.8480 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.321 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.160 dex |
| Stellar Age | 3.470 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 15.569 · G: 15.263 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.116000 AU |
| Orbital Period | 15.955 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 79.1 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 89.4000° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 3.32 g/cm³ (16.9 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 27.6760 S⊕ (~37,667 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 2340.300 LY (717.527 pc) |