Kepler-184 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
Kepler-184 c is a confirmed super-earth exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-184, located approximately 1990.6 light-years (610.33 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2014 by Kepler using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0428% across the stellar disk), this world measures 1.97 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 8.8 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 6.35 g/cm³ (a terrestrial silicate-iron composition comparable to Earth (5.51 g/cm³)), a surface gravity of 2.27 g⊕ (22.26 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 23.6 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around Kepler-184, Kepler-184 c completes one full revolution every 20.303 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.141 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 75.6 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 630 K (+357°C / +675°F) and receiving 29.88 S⊕ (~40,660 W/m²), Kepler-184 c orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star Kepler-184 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,788 K, a radius of 0.873 R☉, a mass of 0.872 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.767 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 2.95 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.196 dex (metal-poor relative to the Sun). From Earth, Kepler-184 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 14.42 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The Kepler-184 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 3 confirmed worlds, with Kepler-184 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside Kepler-184 b, Kepler-184 d.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Kepler · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | Kepler-184 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,788 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.8730 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.8720 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.767 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | -0.196 dex |
| Stellar Age | 2.950 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 14.420 · G: 14.312 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 3 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.141000 AU |
| Orbital Period | 20.303 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 75.6 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 87.9600° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 6.35 g/cm³ (23.6 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 29.8750 S⊕ (~40,660 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 1990.600 LY (610.326 pc) |