Kepler-180 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
Kepler-180 b is a confirmed super-earth exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-180, located approximately 2268.9 light-years (695.65 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2014 by Kepler using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0167% across the stellar disk), this world measures 1.5 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 2.86 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 4.67 g/cm³ (a terrestrial silicate-iron composition comparable to Earth (5.51 g/cm³)), a surface gravity of 1.27 g⊕ (12.45 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 15.4 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around Kepler-180, Kepler-180 b completes one full revolution every 13.817 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.109 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 85.8 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 781 K (+508°C / +946°F) and receiving 72.12 S⊕ (~98,154 W/m²), Kepler-180 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star Kepler-180 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,731 K, a radius of 1.063 R☉, a mass of 0.95 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 1.094 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 9.7 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.03 dex (near-solar heavy-element abundance). From Earth, Kepler-180 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 14.488 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The Kepler-180 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 2 confirmed worlds, with Kepler-180 b sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside Kepler-180 c.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Kepler · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | Kepler-180 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,731 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.0630 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.9500 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 1.094 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.030 dex |
| Stellar Age | 9.700 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 14.488 · G: 14.325 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 2 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.109000 AU |
| Orbital Period | 13.817 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 85.8 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 83.0400° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 4.67 g/cm³ (15.4 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 72.1190 S⊕ (~98,154 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 2268.900 LY (695.650 pc) |