Kepler-139 f

Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization

Kepler-139 f is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-139, located approximately 1275.4 light-years (391.04 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2025 by Multiple Observatories using the Transit Timing Variations detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.3424% across the stellar disk), this world measures 6.67 Earth radii (0.6 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 36 Earth masses (0.11 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 0.67 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 0.81 g⊕ (7.94 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 26 km/s.

In its orbital architecture around Kepler-139, Kepler-139 f completes one full revolution every 355 Earth days.

☁️ Atmospheric Regime (Volatile / Gas Envelope): With a radius of 6.670 R⊕, Kepler-139 f exceeds the empirical ~1.8–2.2 R⊕ Fulton radius valley threshold, indicating a substantial hydrogen-helium or supercritical volatile envelope without a conventional solid terrestrial surface.

The host star Kepler-139 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,630 K, a radius of 1.045 R☉, a mass of 1.078 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.984 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 2.82 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.35 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, Kepler-139 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 12.775 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The Kepler-139 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 5 confirmed worlds, with Kepler-139 f sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside Kepler-139 d, Kepler-139 b, Kepler-139 c, Kepler-139 e.

Discovery Facility: Multiple Observatories · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).