Kepler-1161 b

Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization

Kepler-1161 b is a confirmed sub-neptune exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-1161, located approximately 1786.4 light-years (547.73 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2016 by Kepler using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.1174% across the stellar disk), this world measures 2.13 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 5.18 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 2.96 g/cm³ (an intermediate density indicative of a deep water-ice mantle or dense volatile envelope), a surface gravity of 1.14 g⊕ (11.18 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 17.4 km/s.

In its orbital architecture around Kepler-1161, Kepler-1161 b completes one full revolution every 10.713 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.0784 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 79.6 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.

⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 485 K (+212°C / +414°F) and receiving 26.23 S⊕ (~35,698 W/m²), Kepler-1161 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.

The host star Kepler-1161 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 4,253 K, a radius of 0.57 R☉, a mass of 0.59 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.095 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 3.39 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.35 dex (metal-poor relative to the Sun). From Earth, Kepler-1161 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 16.163 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.

Discovery Facility: Kepler · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).