Kepler-1078 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
Kepler-1078 b is a confirmed super-earth exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-1078, located approximately 8094.2 light-years (2481.71 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2016 by Kepler using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.0358% across the stellar disk), this world measures 1.9 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 4.27 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 3.43 g/cm³ (an intermediate density indicative of a deep water-ice mantle or dense volatile envelope), a surface gravity of 1.18 g⊕ (11.57 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 16.8 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around Kepler-1078, Kepler-1078 b completes one full revolution every 3.007 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.0388 AU (an ultra-close orbit less than one-seventh of Mercury's 0.387 AU distance from the Sun, where strong stellar tidal forces typically induce synchronous rotation). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 140.4 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1122 K (+849°C / +1560°F) and receiving 373.99 S⊕ (~509,000 W/m²), Kepler-1078 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star Kepler-1078 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,612 K, a radius of 0.92 R☉, a mass of 0.94 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.753 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 4.37 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.01 dex (near-solar heavy-element abundance). From Earth, Kepler-1078 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 15.703 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Kepler · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | Kepler-1078 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,612 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.9200 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.9400 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.753 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | -0.010 dex |
| Stellar Age | 4.370 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 15.703 · G: 15.608 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.038800 AU |
| Orbital Period | 3.007 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 140.4 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 70.4000° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 3.43 g/cm³ (16.8 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 373.9900 S⊕ (~509,000 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 8094.200 LY (2481.710 pc) |