HD 224018 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
HD 224018 b is a confirmed terrestrial exoplanet orbiting the star HD 224018, located approximately 344 light-years (105.48 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2025 by Roque de los Muchachos Observatory using the Radial Velocity detection technique (measuring periodic Doppler reflex motion in the host star's spectrum), this world measures 0.91 Earth radii and has a measured mass of 4.1 Earth masses. Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 30 g/cm³ (an iron-enriched, high-compression rocky core), a surface gravity of 4.95 g⊕ (48.54 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 23.7 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around HD 224018, HD 224018 b completes one full revolution every 10.641 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.0952 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 97.3 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). Its moderate orbital eccentricity of e = 0.06 carries the world between 0.0895 AU at periapsis and 0.1009 AU at apoapsis, driving measurable seasonal insolation cycles.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 968 K (+695°C / +1283°F) and receiving 146.75 S⊕ (~199,727 W/m²), HD 224018 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star HD 224018 is classified as a solar-type yellow star of spectral type G V with an effective photospheric temperature of 5,784 K, a radius of 1.147 R☉, a mass of 1.013 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 1.321 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 7 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.05 dex (near-solar heavy-element abundance). From Earth, HD 224018 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 9.715 (accessible to binoculars and small amateur telescopes) in the Southern celestial hemisphere. The HD 224018 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 3 confirmed worlds, with HD 224018 b sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside HD 224018 c, HD 224018 d.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Roque de los Muchachos Observatory · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | HD 224018 |
| Spectral Type | G V |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 5,784 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.1470 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.0130 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 1.321 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.050 dex |
| Stellar Age | 7.000 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 9.715 · G: 9.521 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 3 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.095200 AU |
| Orbital Period | 10.641 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 97.3 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.06000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 86.7000° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 30 g/cm³ (23.7 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 146.7499 S⊕ (~199,727 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 344.000 LY (105.480 pc) |