HD 184010 c
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
HD 184010 c is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star HD 184010, located approximately 198.3 light-years (60.8 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2022 by Okayama Astrophysical Observatory using the Radial Velocity detection technique (measuring periodic Doppler reflex motion in the host star's spectrum), this world measures 11.8 Earth radii (1.05 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 95.349 Earth masses (0.3 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 0.32 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 0.68 g⊕ (6.67 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 31.8 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around HD 184010, HD 184010 c completes one full revolution every 484.3 Earth days (1.33Julian years) at a semi-major axis of 1.334 AU (comparable to the inner terrestrial zone between Venus, Earth at 1.00 AU, and Mars at 1.52 AU). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 30 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). The orbit is modeled as circular (e = 0.00), maintaining a constant stellar distance throughout its year.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 458 K (+185°C / +365°F) and receiving 7.36 S⊕ (~10,011 W/m²), HD 184010 c orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star HD 184010 is classified as an orange K-type star of spectral type K0 III-IV with an effective photospheric temperature of 4,971 K, a radius of 4.86 R☉, a mass of 1.35 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 12.94 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 2.76 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.17 dex (metal-poor relative to the Sun). From Earth, HD 184010 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 5.886 (visible to the unaided human eye under dark skies) in the Northern celestial hemisphere. The HD 184010 system is a multi-planet architecture hosting 3 confirmed worlds, with HD 184010 c sharing its stellar neighborhood alongside HD 184010 b, HD 184010 d.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: Okayama Astrophysical Observatory · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | HD 184010 |
| Spectral Type | K0 III-IV |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 4,971 K |
| Stellar Radius | 4.8600 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 1.3500 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 12.94 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | -0.170 dex |
| Stellar Age | 2.760 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 5.886 · G: 5.645 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 3 Planets |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 1.334000 AU |
| Orbital Period | 484.3 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 30 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.00000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | — |
| Mean Bulk Density | 0.32 g/cm³ (31.8 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 7.3558 S⊕ (~10,011 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 198.300 LY (60.799 pc) |