HAT-P-14 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
HAT-P-14 b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star HAT-P-14, located approximately 726.2 light-years (222.66 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2010 by HATNet using the Transit detection technique (producing an estimated primary transit depth of 0.6429% across the stellar disk), this world measures 15.917 Earth radii (1.42 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 1093.335 Earth masses (3.44 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 1.49 g/cm³ (a low bulk density dominated by an extended hydrogen-helium gaseous envelope), a surface gravity of 4.32 g⊕ (42.36 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 92.7 km/s.
In its orbital architecture around HAT-P-14, HAT-P-14 b completes one full revolution every 4.628 Earth days at a semi-major axis of 0.0596 AU (orbiting interior to Mercury's 0.387 AU benchmark in the Solar System). Its mean orbital velocity is approximately 140.1 km/s (compared to Earth's 29.8 km/s). Its moderate orbital eccentricity of e = 0.11 carries the world between 0.053 AU at periapsis and 0.0662 AU at apoapsis, driving measurable seasonal insolation cycles.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 1624 K (+1351°C / +2464°F) and receiving 1,038.78 S⊕ (~1,413,780 W/m²), HAT-P-14 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star HAT-P-14 is classified as a warm F-type star of spectral type F5 V with an effective photospheric temperature of 6,600 K, a radius of 1.82 R☉, a mass of 2.65 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 5.639 L☉. Stellar evolution modeling indicates an estimated stellar age of 1.6 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.11 dex (metal-rich relative to the Sun). From Earth, HAT-P-14 shines at apparent V-band magnitude 9.988 (accessible to binoculars and small amateur telescopes) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: HATNet · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | HAT-P-14 |
| Spectral Type | F5 V |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 6,600 K |
| Stellar Radius | 1.8200 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 2.6500 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 5.639 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.110 dex |
| Stellar Age | 1.600 Gyr |
| Apparent Magnitude | V: 9.988 · G: 9.873 |
| System Architecture | 2 Stars, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 0.059600 AU |
| Orbital Period | 4.628 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity | 140.1 km/s |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | 0.11000 |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | 83.5000° |
| Mean Bulk Density | 1.49 g/cm³ (92.7 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 1038.7800 S⊕ (~1,413,780 W/m²) |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 726.200 LY (222.663 pc) |