2MASS J03590986+2009361 b
Astrophysical Synthesis & Habitability Characterization
2MASS J03590986+2009361 b is a confirmed gas giant exoplanet orbiting the star 2MASS J03590986+2009361, located approximately 383 light-years (117.44 parsecs) from the Solar System. First announced in 2024 by European Space Agency (ESA) Gaia Satellite using the Imaging detection technique (resolved directly via high-contrast coronagraphic or interferometric imaging), this world measures 12.2 Earth radii (1.09 Jupiter radii) and has a measured mass of 5720.911 Earth masses (18 Jupiter masses). Combining its mass and radius yields a mean bulk density of 17.37 g/cm³ (an iron-enriched, high-compression rocky core), a surface gravity of 38.44 g⊕ (376.97 m/s²), and an escape velocity of 242.2 km/s.
⚠️ Thermal Regime (Irradiated / Hot Zone): At an equilibrium temperature of 2369 K (+2096°C / +3805°F), 2MASS J03590986+2009361 b orbits interior to the runaway greenhouse boundary where surface liquid water cannot persist.
The host star 2MASS J03590986+2009361 is classified as a stellar host with an effective photospheric temperature of 2,943 K, a radius of 0.2898 R☉, a mass of 0.265 M☉, an estimated bolometric luminosity of 0.00565 L☉. From Earth, 2MASS J03590986+2009361 shines at apparent Gaia G-band magnitude 16.997 (faint and requiring research-grade or CCD telescopic photometry) in the Northern celestial hemisphere.
Methodology: Computed using the Schulze-Makuch et al. (2011) weighted metric comparing physical interior (radius, estimated density) and surface thermal regime (escape velocity, equilibrium temperature).
Discovery Facility: European Space Agency (ESA) Gaia Satellite · Catalogue Source: NASA Exoplanet Archive (IPAC / Caltech).
☀️ Host Star Telemetry
| Host Star Name | 2MASS J03590986+2009361 |
| Spectral Type | Unclassified |
| Effective Temp (Teff) | 2,943 K |
| Stellar Radius | 0.2898 R☉ |
| Stellar Mass | 0.2650 M☉ |
| Bolometric Luminosity | 0.00565 L☉ |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | — |
| Stellar Age | — |
| Apparent Magnitude | · G: 16.997 |
| System Architecture | 1 Star, 1 Planet |
🪐 Orbital & Physical Dynamics
| Semi-Major Axis (a) | 572.000000 AU |
| Orbital Period | — |
| Orbital Eccentricity (e) | Circular (0.00) |
| Orbital Inclination (i) | — |
| Mean Bulk Density | 17.37 g/cm³ (242.2 km/s vesc) |
| Insolation Flux | 0.0000 S⊕ |
| Habitable Zone Status | Exterior / Non-HZ |
| Celestial Distance | 383.000 LY (117.435 pc) |